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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”
E P* y& s; ?" v* C4 P) b 上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
! O" R- T3 g9 X7 L" | “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”- p; l# R" B( V& C1 {
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
, B6 k$ I4 J% m1 g+ w1 I “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”3 M J7 R# F- m( k: g) K% t [
不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
. M" Z6 {, x, z& Q8 z: K& W 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。0 k' D: w2 n2 y. V5 ~1 q& J
Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:+ f8 y% N7 d3 D; l& x6 j: U
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:7 [: P3 x0 y# f! x+ ^
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.' H3 m* [4 A `1 V' Z& Q5 s2 x, r4 a: \
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
4 D, o' i5 b. r+ F* K Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
6 y* t* ^" L. k, t But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:0 ?, r0 \+ R. ^- T k6 c! a, i
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
c8 D1 L p- `1 y5 ^3 ]4 X2 y ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
% c; T# \' t) ^7 Y Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:
+ q- b& o0 r2 \* L Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
/ L+ [& y7 u2 ^) r5 G) d, B) v ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.( H$ E) e- {7 i( @0 m& N
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
7 Z5 j* h: B4 Y& {* o4 i7 R Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:+ H3 T8 }2 Y- I4 x- {
Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
" R) ?/ U9 q6 I- ^8 j L# m ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.' V) o9 _+ q; T9 s8 V/ |6 N- e
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.1 ? J0 X3 K$ ?' p3 P: q
Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
: o6 I/ f" r& |# }9 v) w For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:
. w) H. J, S, O H ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".
8 i7 b/ _! D+ X4 Q* d+ D( j Ⅵ表示“结束”:6 [% Z: A1 s: u; s
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
0 }. V' ?6 j7 @* F+ n ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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