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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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: `. r5 w3 `# k6 O9 m/ H7 L7 y “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”) m/ ?7 ^( K' v' d2 X
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:" p+ e! _* c: I# B
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”9 M7 |4 s" c) h9 g5 ~/ E
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
9 [: z+ e. U3 E* j0 I/ n “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
2 A9 j3 ?; |$ [. a# M 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
) w5 k! ?, A, t! l9 a' i2 Z 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。$ z8 {: R# x3 B8 B
Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:# I( r4 x* O' F$ d2 r. F8 F, R/ v
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:
8 E1 l& M5 G% q! r: X) | ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
: D5 O2 a2 h0 a0 j0 Z1 } ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.; o% V5 j. {' A; ^4 o+ F
Ⅱ表示“反意见”:0 d4 U3 |7 d @- n7 R, t( U, K
But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:
/ K9 [" ?$ e4 E4 ?6 n* [2 F ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.2 R, g7 T r4 T% E
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
# \/ Z: {& l9 A, a) e Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:, u. E. A! H5 n% H; e$ `
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
. b& ~3 Q! V7 `' g6 u, { ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.1 j! `5 S2 t& V3 n3 e
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.1 \3 U: k* g2 z7 @
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:" X1 T! v7 V: M7 y1 w
Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
' l5 X0 }, [5 X, {4 D5 A* J1 a" c5 C5 F ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.' E+ X% ]5 W, ~7 L- ~6 i y% _
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.! F- I) R0 G, p6 ]" @; o4 g2 g `
Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:( O* i9 K& }) j; s) D* \& P8 D5 I
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:/ W6 E$ s R4 s# O" x) |% I; r8 Y
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".$ c. O; ~, P m. {2 h
Ⅵ表示“结束”:5 C: X8 e j) _9 Y% O) E
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:7 W' g+ u) X: R: V( g6 K3 u
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.. W( w3 n- o4 r$ ~2 L8 e0 B5 L3 D# c" `
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