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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”& l, }$ q5 I5 i2 A: g5 B. q
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:2 g' i5 u$ p: J; |
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
6 S# w; A& H3 i 不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:* o2 H8 D! ?; @: P$ F: `# X
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
# A1 ~+ o+ {3 ^6 v0 Y; R$ E! Z T 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。
* V; } y8 n6 N1 p6 O/ [ 现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
; ^1 W$ z" c& ?, U. \ Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:
4 W1 Y$ V' F, p) y Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如: _ r& i( c, T1 n
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.# S3 ~& x9 h! D/ d R! H8 f
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
0 \% ?$ P% n5 [; _" ]$ k Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
% k$ C4 g% x5 N. ` b; Z But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:; j" ?& m) J5 @ }* w6 I
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.& [! x" P4 z: V- m1 N
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
) N0 l1 u0 f8 V3 e8 d Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:2 {! t$ T/ W ?3 u" O; `7 n/ Z
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:$ [; K6 r2 p1 s
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.. i+ ~+ w" g' w3 w$ n" F) c5 y" Z
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.' I( h3 V- m. R, d1 K/ p
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
) U$ O( n: M( l* \2 a: N Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如: V5 S4 r. C. K& i. l9 s3 V
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.. U- `* }% @; E* F5 v1 k! |
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
! j* Y7 J- m7 T( d/ J8 J4 L Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:* B6 j) Z( H9 }: n! j( q5 h
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:& U8 t6 s3 P' d* y
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".1 y) i7 i" p$ E1 h0 k
Ⅵ表示“结束”:
7 u* S4 E) x9 B To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:$ L3 M7 z7 Q$ b* l$ i( f$ H. h
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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