英语常用语法：句子转折词的桥梁

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英语常用语法：句子转折词的桥梁
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# Z* s0 e  @' `! H1 L" j4 N1 X; d! K　　“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”
　　上面这句话不错，只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样：
8 ]+ f+ y. T, e; B6 G　　“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
4 `$ q+ p4 b0 Y! F/ F4 l; o　　不然就要换一换转折词，改用“such as”或“like”：
' z' j1 x2 y9 f* W# y　　“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
　　不管任何语言，转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色，就是：承先启后，使句子紧凑，段落相吸，对文章结构，有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯，结果文句松散，上下文七零八乱，应该避免。
　　现在把主要转折词，分类列下，供大家参考。
　　Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思：
　　Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等，如：
　　① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
　　② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
　　Ⅱ表示“反意见”：
5 T- L4 a# p+ I9 R  h　　But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等，如：
　　③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
　　④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
  {6 Q6 @5 i, n. b4 c/ Y( w& G　　Ⅲ表示“困果关系”：
　　Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等，如：
8 b% r5 V2 m- ]; ?- K　　⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
　　⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
! N8 H/ w* L4 a9 Z% X7 G　　Ⅳ表示“比较关系”：
4 q- W+ Q7 B: s　　Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等，如：
　　⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
　　⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
　　Ⅴ表示“举例示范”：
　　For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等，如：
, W# H* p/ E% L' D2 ~6 R. n( u　　⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".
　　Ⅵ表示“结束”：
7 t& F8 f: l1 C: W3 U# K% C( O　　To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等，如：
　　⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.

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