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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”
: [& x+ m( D1 R) s. c* } y 上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:& Z7 V! Z# q$ c# f, r( e# u3 y
“They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”( }6 c3 [( h: N+ X9 ?6 F" Z/ g
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:3 {$ U% }, _5 f) o
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”) |, C% T5 y7 h* F+ X0 G( R/ [% `
不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。# g5 l8 H$ `3 D$ g9 \8 h: F. f
现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
: j' Z5 P! e) M/ t Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:& G/ r5 N& k! c1 c4 S
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:
. _) v: N* {% s) ? ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
@, p+ ~( v% E) J' ~$ a: y' b4 m ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.' |* | U7 |" m- W+ J/ \
Ⅱ表示“反意见”:/ M# \9 j* d" y
But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:8 ~* a+ l: E7 C3 q
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy., P+ g; k* P) x! x. r& y
④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.# M$ ^& K4 P2 e' u3 m
Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:/ _0 W8 L6 m" [9 }8 g5 @
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:7 E2 m5 d( z1 x
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
, D9 [1 o& r, U* y9 P+ N9 h0 l ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.) ~1 x7 [7 D( J e' s: l) J
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
, B; q1 a7 n7 o Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
! r2 n q9 y4 X! V ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice./ N0 _5 B* W+ X w( p; R
⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
5 k( z" Y2 W; }5 B+ s# g* A Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
; f, A" F# w- b4 {0 k% P For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:5 {2 b, U8 [( ]3 _
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".8 A$ ?7 t! N6 X: T; b3 n, H
Ⅵ表示“结束”:
- J2 k3 ?( c+ f5 U4 [8 a To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:# Y- n2 a8 w6 A
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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