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[英文] 英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁

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發表於 2017-2-3 18:05:13 | 顯示全部樓層 |閱讀模式
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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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. P; V* @  M, a. k  “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”% _3 U3 c' j& E0 e/ E4 h$ q: ^% e. o
  上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
) c/ v8 F  y; j) a0 x: ?  “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”. w- f! G4 H" a5 s8 N
  不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
! @) z. E4 a$ M' [  o  “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”/ h8 E; H/ j: H; R
  不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。* @8 p* P) E9 o1 I5 h* }
  现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。$ |8 D2 _0 }& w# r; I  c! G
  Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:
1 S2 b& x9 s* D. V0 g+ Q; k  Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:& a. n4 v3 v  t( e5 }2 O$ N' A, {; |
  ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
, x% [0 N" t3 h3 r9 C# [1 S  ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
1 ~$ o# G2 A. G/ q  Ⅱ表示“反意见”:* z  A+ \+ T9 _  X7 r- x" A5 }
  But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:4 ?2 _7 Y% u; ]1 ?  ~6 z9 _
  ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
9 S# g+ l! g: o/ E1 P% j/ K  ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.& M6 Y6 G2 D2 h, r7 h: B
  Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:
: E. ~# F9 @2 Y# h  Y' b  Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
7 a, v) S1 P/ J* [  ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.- P: L* D( @  v5 @, x) p  S
  ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
) d* v% d4 G+ v9 k0 q8 }  Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:3 P( @! }7 l& }! r
  Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
& g8 R1 ]6 {/ u  ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
- _/ m- L! g7 N/ y: Y3 i. [, W* F  ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
! @0 q. ]" D( g! M  M  Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:& ^. S/ y  H2 t  K- Y
  For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:, g4 ~2 C. I7 L. Q: a
  ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".
5 F9 C6 g* N' B+ Q7 @" v  Ⅵ表示“结束”:; E. R/ z8 F8 h" u! t
  To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
+ H/ y$ o2 o: [; y2 [' T  {( K  ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not./ r& a1 \7 A7 c
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