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[英文] 英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁

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發表於 2017-2-3 18:05:13 | 顯示全部樓層 |閱讀模式
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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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  “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”& P' s) P  A1 J/ U, X' Z
  上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
* k+ q8 M" A3 x. G' N- x  “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”/ ?& Z' @" Z- V/ e, `) b) R5 Z
  不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:' x1 u( t$ J& A+ W4 O3 U
  “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”% ]5 S6 b2 l/ Y" B7 {) R
  不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。( x# F$ t1 z0 ?  z/ }6 s1 ~
  现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。0 y& h- R- ~4 N5 u4 ?  ~
  Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:
% g+ ^' i4 \7 Q+ S; q  Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:4 m& W7 d: d) c8 F+ l) s
  ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.! I! `* O/ d% D& ?
  ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
! n  [( \! J  E+ p5 @% x6 |  ?; d  Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
7 a, C6 I) a4 w% u  But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:) B+ U7 N) z9 r
  ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
$ A! ^6 ]1 K' H  ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
2 [1 Y1 @6 T3 ?2 [3 W: x  Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:5 d; Y3 [8 s+ q$ O" R
  Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
6 h0 J/ n: C6 H' D& x) _! q! G  ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.' W: ]0 L9 N% U4 _
  ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.
( F: I6 J. z# `6 \. z* w; S' d  Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
" {  x( L8 Y; y0 \  Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:. h/ u+ B# M. {, J* x- @3 l
  ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.% J& y7 \' _4 O+ \* ?& I, g8 z
  ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.* r. X1 \/ @& v# ?8 m1 N, `* m
  Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
  q% ?# i, y6 M, O  For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:( V: C7 H, M+ j8 G+ w
  ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".9 K* V9 x# C: B
  Ⅵ表示“结束”:4 x; a. h$ n+ H; P  S, A
  To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:
0 y/ S) V& E. J* P8 c+ |5 S9 W* L6 `: r  ⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.
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