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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁4 g& v7 G' f. ^, D a; V& N# m, G
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“They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”
6 H G, ]7 b% g! E0 v: ? 上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
5 s, O# I( E$ K8 F E “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.”
$ M# F* C* n4 K( {& W 不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:
2 s2 U) g1 z! W7 X J “They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
6 D6 R, r9 s' z( l% h 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。0 d) h! ^ E. J1 b$ f2 ~+ o- w
现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
" F! R D) z7 b( ~+ O% w Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:: l$ D2 S7 [7 D3 ]& I
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:5 m/ k" a% U! _4 U; k/ G; m: P
① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.( {- c/ H( i; m( i* T$ Y4 T4 U G
② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.; o- ~) n/ z* a+ g C1 E& H2 F* k" o$ c
Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
8 w* Z' _- g+ V But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:
* {+ ~1 N( R+ |5 E$ t, C ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
9 r% Y0 e5 N7 \2 Z" Q ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
: W0 u/ b) R* E! G Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:+ _8 f3 r9 y, Z) X. Z
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:
! Y& {" b9 e- o( b8 ^' Q+ ?- d& a5 x ⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.
: X* H. P0 @8 X. q1 J+ ` ⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.* H1 T: a9 Y+ y1 |6 B
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
1 z4 X( c# K/ G5 q) S& A* t Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:
2 [* t* X7 G: W: z ⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
5 {: R; U- j2 }: M7 \ ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
+ m) d8 ?$ H) H5 ] Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:! V m/ K5 @+ N7 P$ x u8 m
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:
+ m, d, N o9 T, }- Q3 r9 b ⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".# _( p: G( F" v$ P* J8 _5 r% U
Ⅵ表示“结束”:- [3 B H! o( \. S
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:# }& T3 [5 v+ T* Y
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.2 } l/ {5 z( c1 x2 Q. ]+ m
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