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英语常用语法:句子转折词的桥梁
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5 l8 v+ ^* H) Z/ M/ d P “They are wasting resources, for example, time, energy and money.”8 P- J3 {. V" _5 ~1 ?8 v
上面这句话不错,只是转折词“for example”不妥当;应该这样:
0 @1 ^$ `8 ~$ |$ _ “They are wasting resources. For example, they use too much time, energy and money.” S# r0 b& q7 H
不然就要换一换转折词,改用“such as”或“like”:" R" Y1 }% i$ W# B
“They are wasting resources, such as (or like) time, energy and money.”
- k9 }$ U4 H" g8 W2 z 不管任何语言,转折词(transitional words)都扮演着一个重要角色,就是:承先启后,使句子紧凑,段落相吸,对文章结构,有良性作用。但是有些人几乎没有采用转折词的习惯,结果文句松散,上下文七零八乱,应该避免。0 e y0 O. K2 i# n0 _$ O. A
现在把主要转折词,分类列下,供大家参考。
# ~6 e% |: i, Z7 D Ⅰ表示“尤有进者”的意思:) g- e5 t) P* w/ E% ], p3 [
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:
% L1 [+ G' n) t9 D ① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.
( V/ h ^$ F a' q4 H ② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.
' v2 M4 E- w! z0 ^3 r: L% N7 | Ⅱ表示“反意见”:
* w" J- G1 ?$ i1 I$ R0 N0 l But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等,如:
: k) Q4 t& X. y' O ③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.
; Q7 n2 j6 A! d5 `, m! g8 ?) D) G& c ④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.
5 C9 e4 }4 b( M; L Ⅲ表示“困果关系”:
: g! j) B2 G' F! K3 z% H! y Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如: F! X, T M r; Q
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.0 \. t8 E; b% c- Z* n- R& j' m
⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.) m$ O* K6 \- T/ f5 B) Y7 [' t: `
Ⅳ表示“比较关系”:
. B1 {* i* A4 j: I. z2 D b Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:7 R1 h' m+ _8 o9 c/ F: N& b( ?
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.
- U* l4 g9 f( z ⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.
' {, y$ W5 x; E+ L, y6 J Ⅴ表示“举例示范”:
, b+ N% s* h) n" s U, f; f For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:7 r J- B2 S9 F; a: ^
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".3 Q6 x. j7 o, [# z" I( m
Ⅵ表示“结束”:
5 h, w' N9 X8 e6 @ To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:7 q" n& Y/ i# u8 @9 ?; g$ o8 V! R/ y
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.+ n' ^3 @; q) }) n( S
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